Amnesty International. 1973. Report on Torture. [London]: Duckworth in association with Amnesty International Publications. https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act40/001/1973/en/.
Anastasia Powell, , Gregory Stratton, , and Robin Cameron. 2018. Digital Criminology : Crime and Justice in Digital Society. Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/reader.action?docID=5430839&ppg=123.
ANGELA STROUD. 2012. ‘GOOD GUYS WITH GUNS: Hegemonic Masculinity and Concealed Handguns’. Gender and Society 26 (2): 216–38. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23212214?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Astor, R. A., and H. A. Meyer. 2001. ‘The Conceptualization of Violence-Prone School Subcontexts: Is the Sum of the Parts Greater than the Whole?’ Urban Education 36 (3): 374–99. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085901363004.
Baaz, Maria Eriksson, and Maria Stern. 2008. ‘Making Sense of Violence: Voices of Soldiers in the Congo (DRC)’. The Journal of Modern African Studies 46 (01). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X07003072.
Bauman, Z. 2001. ‘Wars of the Globalization Era’. European Journal of Social Theory 4 (1): 11–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/13684310122224966.
Bauman, Zygmunt. 1989. ‘Modernity and the Holocaust’. In . Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
Bernazzoli, Richelle M., and Colin Flint. 2010. ‘Embodying the Garrison State? Everyday Geographies of Militarization in American Society’. Political Geography 29 (3): 157–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2010.02.014.
Black, Donald. 2004. ‘The Geometry of Terrorism’. Sociological Theory 22 (1): 14–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9558.2004.00201.x.
Bridges, A. J., R. Wosnitzer, E. Scharrer, C. Sun, and R. Liberman. 2010. ‘Aggression and Sexual Behavior in Best-Selling Pornography Videos: A Content Analysis Update’. Violence Against Women 16 (10): 1065–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801210382866.
Burbick, J. 2006. ‘Cultural Anatomy of a Gun Show’. Stanford Law & Policy Review 17 (3): 657–70. http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?public=false&handle=hein.journals/stanlp17&id=663.
Campbell, Bradley Keith. n.d. ‘The Geometry of Genocide: A Theoretical Study’, 77–97. https://search.proquest.com/docview/304437169?pq-origsite=primo.
Carlson, J. D. 2012. ‘“I Don’t Dial 911”: American Gun Politics and the Problem of Policing’. British Journal of Criminology 52 (6): 1113–32. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azs039.
Carney, Kathryn M. n.d. ‘Rape: The Paradigmatic Hate Crime’. St. John’s Law Review, no. 2: 315–55. http://search.proquest.com/docview/216773293?OpenUrlRefId=info:xri/sid:primo&accountid=14782.
Christine Helliwell. 2000. ‘“It’s Only a Penis”: Rape, Feminism, and Difference’. Signs 25 (3): 789–816. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3175417.
Collins, R. 2013. ‘Entering and Leaving the Tunnel of Violence: Micro-Sociological Dynamics of Emotional Entrainment in Violent Interactions’. Current Sociology 61 (2): 132–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392112456500.
Collins, Randall. 2009. Violence: A Micro-Sociological Theory. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt4cg9d3.
———. 2014. ‘Micro-Sociology of Mass Rampage Killings’. Revue de Synthèse 135 (4): 405–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11873-014-0250-2.
Cynthia Enloe. 2014. Bananas, Beaches and Bases : Making Feminist Sense of International Politics. University of California Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/reader.action?docID=1687669&ppg=134.
Duffield, Mark. 2014. Global Governance and the New Wars: The Merging of Development and Security. London: Zed Books. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/vuw/Doc?id=10835459.
‘Ethnic Identity and Exposure to Maltreatment in Childhood: Evidence from a New Zealand Birth Cohort - Ministry of Social Development’. n.d. https://www.msd.govt.nz/about-msd-and-our-work/publications-resources/journals-and-magazines/social-policy-journal/spj36/36-ethnic-identity-and-exposure-to-maltreatment-in-childhood.html.
Fontes, Lisa Aronson. 2004. ‘Ethics in Violence Against Women Research: The Sensitive, the Dangerous, and the Overlooked’. Ethics & Behavior 14 (2): 141–74. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1402_4.
Garton, Stephen. 1998. ‘War and Masculinity in Twentieth Century Australia’. Journal of Australian Studies 22 (56): 86–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/14443059809387363.
Gavey, N. 2005. Just Sex?: The Cultural Scaffolding of Rape. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/reader.action?docID=1474875&ppg=1.
Goscilo, Helena, and Yana Hashamova, eds. 2012. Embracing Arms: Cultural Representation of Slavic and Balkan Women in War. Budapest: Central European University Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7829/j.ctt2tt28d.
Haider, Syed. 2016. ‘The Shooting in Orlando, Terrorism or Toxic Masculinity (or Both?)’. Men and Masculinities 19 (5): 555–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X16664952.
Henry, N. 2014. ‘The Fixation on Wartime Rape: Feminist Critique and International Criminal Law’. Social & Legal Studies 23 (1): 93–111. https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663913499061.
Henry, Nicola and ebrary, Inc. 2011. War and Rape: Law, Memory, and Justice. Vol. Interventions. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/vuw/docDetail.action?docID=10588960.
Humes, Mo. 2007. ‘“(Young) Men With Big Guns”: Reflexive Encounters with Violence and Youth i...’ Bulletin of Latin American Research 26 (4). http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a2h&AN=26516933&site=ehost-live.
Hyslop, Ian. 2017. ‘Child Protection in New Zealand: A History of the Future’. The British Journal of Social Work 47 (6): 1800–1817. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcx088.
Kalish, Rachel, and Michael Kimmel. 2010. ‘Suicide by Mass Murder: Masculinity, Aggrieved Entitlement, and Rampage School Shootings’. Health Sociology Review 19 (4): 451–64. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.5172/hesr.2010.19.4.451?needAccess=true.
Keddell, Emily. 2018. ‘The Vulnerable Child in Neoliberal Contexts: The Construction of Children in the Aotearoa New Zealand Child Protection Reforms’. Childhood 25 (1): 93–108. https://doi.org/10.1177/0907568217727591.
Kiilakoski, Tomi, and Atte Oksanen. 2011. ‘Soundtrack of the School Shootings’. YOUNG 19 (3): 247–69. https://doi.org/10.1177/110330881101900301.
Kimmel, Michael S. 2018. Healing from Hate: How Young Men Get into-and out of-Violent Extremism. Oakland, California: University of California Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctv1xxxx4.
Klein, Jessie. 2005. ‘Teaching Her a Lesson: Media Misses Boys’ Rage Relating to Girls in School Shootings’. Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 1 (1): 90–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741659005050245.
Klusemann, S. 2012. ‘Massacres as Process: A Micro-Sociological Theory of Internal Patterns of Mass Atrocities’. European Journal of Criminology 9 (5): 468–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370812450825.
Larkin, Ralph W. 2009. ‘The Columbine Legacy’. American Behavioral Scientist 52 (9): 1309–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764209332548.
Laura Sjoberg, , Sandra Via, , and Sandra E Via. 2010. Gender, War, and Militarism : Feminist Perspectives. ABC-CLIO, LLC. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/reader.action?docID=564033&ppg=8.
Liz Kelly. 1991. Surviving Sexual Violence. 1st ed. Polity Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/detail.action?docID=1272687.
‘Male Rape, Masculinities, and Sexualities’. n.d. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-319-52639-3.
Malešević, Siniša. 2008. ‘The Sociology of New Wars? Assessing the Causes and Objectives of Contemporary Violent Conflicts’. International Political Sociology 2 (2): 97–112. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-5687.2008.00038.x.
———. 2010. The Sociology of War and Violence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy1008/2010014629-t.html.
McCleery, M. J. 2016. ‘Randall Collins Forward Panic Pathway to Violence and the 1972 Bloody Sunday Killings in Northern Ireland’. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, July. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369148116656985.
McCormack, Mark. 2012. The Declining Significance of HomophobiaHow Teenage Boys Are Redefining Masculinity and Heterosexuality. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199778249.001.0001.
McCormack, Mark, and Eric Anderson. 2010. ‘“It’s Just Not Acceptable Any More”: The Erosion of Homophobia and the Softening of Masculinity at an English Sixth Form’. Sociology 44 (5): 843–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038510375734.
Michalski, Joseph H. 2004. ‘Making Sociological Sense Out of Trends in Intimate Partnera Violence: The Social Structure’. Violence Against Women 10 (6): 652–75. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801204265018.
Milroy, S. 1996. ‘Maori Women and Domestic Violence: The Methodology of Research and the Maori Perspective’. Waikato Law Review 4 (1): 58–76. http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?public=false&handle=hein.journals/waik4&id=72.
Oliver, Kelly and Ebooks Corporation. 2016. Hunting Girls: Sexual Violence from The Hunger Games to Campus Rape. New York: Columbia University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/detail.action?docID=4504756.
Pilgrim, David. 2012. ‘Child Abuse in Irish Catholic Settings: A Non-Reductionist Account’. Child Abuse Review 21 (6): 405–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2239.
Porta, Donatella della. 2008. ‘Research on Social Movements and Political Violence’. Qualitative Sociology 31 (3): 221–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11133-008-9109-x.
ProQuest (Firm). 2018. Sexual Violence against Men in Global Politics. Edited by Marysia Zalewski, Paula Drumond, Elisabeth Prügl, and Maria Stern. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/VUW/detail.action?docID=5391402.
Raissian, Kerri M., and Lindsey Rose Bullinger. 2017. ‘Money Matters: Does the Minimum Wage Affect Child Maltreatment Rates?’ Children and Youth Services Review 72 (January): 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.09.033.
Ray, Larry J. 2011. Violence & Society. Los Angeles, [Calif.]: SAGE. http://sk.sagepub.com/books/violence-and-society.
Rejali, Darius. 2003. ‘Modern Torture as a Civic Marker: Solving a Global Anxiety with a New Political Technology’. Journal of Human Rights 2 (2): 153–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475483032000078152.
‘Rejecting Angelina: Bosnian War Rape Survivors and the Ambiguities of Sex in War’. 2014. Slavic Review 73 (3). https://doi.org/10.5612/slavicreview.73.3.612.
Scully, Diana. 2013. Understanding Sexual Violence: A Study of Convicted Rapists. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/detail.action?docID=1487160.
Sjoberg, Laura. 2007. ‘Agency, Militarized Femininity and Enemy Others: Observations From The War In Iraq’. International Feminist Journal of Politics 9 (1): 82–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616740601066408.
Sluka, Jeffrey. 2010. ‘The Ruatoki Valley “Anti-Terrorism” Police Raids: Losing “Hearts and Minds” in Te Urewera’. Sites: A Journal of Social Anthropology and Cultural Studies 7 (1): 44–64. https://doi.org/10.11157/sites-vol7iss1id99.
Springwood, Charles. 2006. Open Fire : Understanding Global Gun Cultures (1). Berg Publishers. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/vuw/detail.action?docID=10233356.
‘Stopping Family Violence – What Does the Evidence Tell Us? | PMCSA’. n.d. https://www.pmcsa.ac.nz/2018/12/11/stopping-family-violence/.
Taonui, Rawiri. 2010. ‘Mana Tamariki: Cultural Alienation’. AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 6 (3): 187–202. https://doi.org/10.1177/117718011000600301.
‘The Stream - Rape as a Weapon of War: The Untold Story of Armed Conflict’. 9AD. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8gtEmB9u9I.
Tilly, C., Social Science Research Council (U.S.). Committee on States and Social Structures, Joint Committee on Latin American Studies, and Joint Committee on Western Europe. 1985. ‘War Making and State Making as Organized Crime’. In Bringing the State Back In, edited by Peter B. Evans, Dietrich Rueschemeyer, and Theda Skocpol, 169–86. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/reader.action?docID=1578958&ppg=181.
Tonso, Karen L. 2009. ‘Violent Masculinities as Tropes for School Shooters’. American Behavioral Scientist 52 (9): 1266–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764209332545.
Walsh, James P. 2017. ‘Moral Panics by Design: The Case of Terrorism’. Current Sociology 65 (5): 643–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392116633257.
Zuckerberg, Donna and ProQuest (Firm). 2018. Not All Dead White Men: Classics and Misogyny in the Digital Age. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/VUW/detail.action?docID=5498115.
