Amnesty International (1973) Report on torture. [London]: Duckworth in association with Amnesty International Publications. Available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act40/001/1973/en/.
Anastasia Powell, ,  Gregory Stratton, , and  Robin Cameron (2018) Digital Criminology : Crime and Justice in Digital Society. Routledge. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/reader.action?docID=5430839&ppg=123.
ANGELA STROUD (2012) ‘GOOD GUYS WITH GUNS: Hegemonic Masculinity and Concealed Handguns’, Gender and Society, 26(2), pp. 216–238. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/23212214?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents.
Astor, R.A. and Meyer, H.A. (2001) ‘The Conceptualization of Violence-Prone School Subcontexts: Is the Sum of the Parts Greater than the Whole?’, Urban Education, 36(3), pp. 374–399. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085901363004.
Baaz, M.E. and Stern, M. (2008) ‘Making sense of violence: voices of soldiers in the Congo (DRC)’, The Journal of Modern African Studies, 46(01). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X07003072.
Bauman, Z. (1989) ‘Modernity and the Holocaust’, in. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
Bauman, Z. (2001) ‘Wars of the Globalization Era’, European Journal of Social Theory, 4(1), pp. 11–28. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/13684310122224966.
Bernazzoli, R.M. and Flint, C. (2010) ‘Embodying the garrison state? Everyday geographies of militarization in American society’, Political Geography, 29(3), pp. 157–166. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2010.02.014.
Black, D. (2004) ‘The Geometry of Terrorism’, Sociological Theory, 22(1), pp. 14–25. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9558.2004.00201.x.
Bridges, A.J. et al. (2010) ‘Aggression and Sexual Behavior in Best-Selling Pornography Videos: A Content Analysis Update’, Violence Against Women, 16(10), pp. 1065–1085. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801210382866.
Burbick, J. (2006) ‘Cultural Anatomy of a Gun Show’, Stanford Law & Policy Review, 17(3), pp. 657–670. Available at: http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?public=false&handle=hein.journals/stanlp17&id=663.
Campbell, Bradley Keith (no date) ‘The geometry of genocide: A theoretical study’, pp. 77–97. Available at: https://search.proquest.com/docview/304437169?pq-origsite=primo.
Carlson, J.D. (2012) ‘“I Don’t Dial 911”: American Gun Politics and the Problem of Policing’, British Journal of Criminology, 52(6), pp. 1113–1132. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azs039.
Carney, Kathryn M (no date) ‘Rape: The paradigmatic hate crime’, St. John’s Law Review, (2), pp. 315–355. Available at: http://search.proquest.com/docview/216773293?OpenUrlRefId=info:xri/sid:primo&accountid=14782.
Christine Helliwell (2000) ‘“It’s Only a Penis”: Rape, Feminism, and Difference’, Signs, 25(3), pp. 789–816. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3175417.
Collins, R. (2009) Violence: a micro-sociological theory. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt4cg9d3.
Collins, R. (2013) ‘Entering and leaving the tunnel of violence: Micro-sociological dynamics of emotional entrainment in violent interactions’, Current Sociology, 61(2), pp. 132–151. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392112456500.
Collins, R. (2014) ‘Micro-sociology of mass rampage killings’, Revue de Synthèse, 135(4), pp. 405–420. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11873-014-0250-2.
Cynthia Enloe (2014) Bananas, Beaches and Bases : Making Feminist Sense of International Politics. University of California Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/reader.action?docID=1687669&ppg=134.
Duffield, M. (2014) Global governance and the new wars: the merging of development and security. London: Zed Books. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/vuw/Doc?id=10835459.
‘Ethnic Identity and Exposure to Maltreatment in Childhood: Evidence from a New Zealand Birth Cohort - Ministry of Social Development’ (no date). Available at: https://www.msd.govt.nz/about-msd-and-our-work/publications-resources/journals-and-magazines/social-policy-journal/spj36/36-ethnic-identity-and-exposure-to-maltreatment-in-childhood.html.
Fontes, L.A. (2004) ‘Ethics in Violence Against Women Research: The Sensitive, the Dangerous, and the Overlooked’, Ethics & Behavior, 14(2), pp. 141–174. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1402_4.
Garton, S. (1998) ‘War and masculinity in twentieth century Australia’, Journal of Australian Studies, 22(56), pp. 86–95. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/14443059809387363.
Gavey, N. (2005) Just Sex?: The Cultural Scaffolding of Rape. London: Routledge, pp. 17–49. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/reader.action?docID=1474875&ppg=1.
Goscilo, H. and Hashamova, Y. (eds) (2012) Embracing arms: cultural representation of Slavic and Balkan women in war. Budapest: Central European University Press. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7829/j.ctt2tt28d.
Haider, S. (2016) ‘The Shooting in Orlando, Terrorism or Toxic Masculinity (or Both?)’, Men and Masculinities, 19(5), pp. 555–565. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X16664952.
Henry, N. (2014) ‘The Fixation on Wartime Rape: Feminist Critique and International Criminal Law’, Social & Legal Studies, 23(1), pp. 93–111. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663913499061.
Henry, N. and ebrary, Inc (2011) War and rape: law, memory, and justice. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/vuw/docDetail.action?docID=10588960.
Humes, M. (2007) ‘“(Young) Men With Big Guns”: Reflexive Encounters with Violence and Youth i...’, Bulletin of Latin American Research, 26(4). Available at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a2h&AN=26516933&site=ehost-live.
Hyslop, I. (2017) ‘Child Protection in New Zealand: A History of the Future’, The British Journal of Social Work, 47(6), pp. 1800–1817. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcx088.
Kalish, R. and Kimmel, M. (2010) ‘Suicide by mass murder: Masculinity, aggrieved entitlement, and rampage school shootings’, Health Sociology Review, 19(4), pp. 451–464. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.5172/hesr.2010.19.4.451?needAccess=true.
Keddell, E. (2018) ‘The vulnerable child in neoliberal contexts: the construction of children in the Aotearoa New Zealand child protection reforms’, Childhood, 25(1), pp. 93–108. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0907568217727591.
Kiilakoski, T. and Oksanen, A. (2011) ‘Soundtrack of the School Shootings’, YOUNG, 19(3), pp. 247–269. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/110330881101900301.
Kimmel, M.S. (2018) Healing from hate: how young men get into-and out of-violent extremism. Oakland, California: University of California Press. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctv1xxxx4.
Klein, J. (2005) ‘Teaching her a lesson: Media misses boys’ rage relating to girls in                school shootings’, Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal, 1(1), pp. 90–97. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1741659005050245.
Klusemann, S. (2012) ‘Massacres as process: A micro-sociological theory of internal patterns of mass atrocities’, European Journal of Criminology, 9(5), pp. 468–480. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370812450825.
Larkin, R.W. (2009) ‘The Columbine Legacy’, American Behavioral Scientist, 52(9), pp. 1309–1326. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764209332548.
Laura Sjoberg, ,  Sandra Via, , and  Sandra E Via (2010) Gender, War, and Militarism : Feminist Perspectives. ABC-CLIO, LLC. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/reader.action?docID=564033&ppg=8.
Liz Kelly (1991) Surviving Sexual Violence. 1st edn. Polity Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/detail.action?docID=1272687.
Male Rape, Masculinities, and Sexualities (no date). Available at: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-319-52639-3.
Malešević, S. (2008) ‘The Sociology of New Wars? Assessing the Causes and Objectives of Contemporary Violent Conflicts’, International Political Sociology, 2(2), pp. 97–112. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-5687.2008.00038.x.
Malešević, S. (2010) The sociology of war and violence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Available at: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy1008/2010014629-t.html.
McCleery, M.J. (2016) ‘Randall Collins forward panic pathway to violence and the 1972 Bloody Sunday killings in Northern Ireland’, The British Journal of Politics and International Relations [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1369148116656985.
McCormack, M. (2012) The Declining Significance of HomophobiaHow Teenage Boys are Redefining Masculinity and Heterosexuality. Oxford University Press. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199778249.001.0001.
McCormack, M. and Anderson, E. (2010) ‘“It’s Just Not Acceptable Any More”: The Erosion of Homophobia and the Softening of Masculinity at an English Sixth Form’, Sociology, 44(5), pp. 843–859. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038510375734.
Michalski, J.H. (2004) ‘Making Sociological Sense Out of Trends in Intimate Partnera Violence: The Social Structure’, Violence Against Women, 10(6), pp. 652–675. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801204265018.
Milroy, S. (1996) ‘Maori Women and Domestic Violence: The Methodology of Research and the Maori Perspective’, Waikato Law Review, 4(1), pp. 58–76. Available at: http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?public=false&handle=hein.journals/waik4&id=72.
Oliver, K. and Ebooks Corporation (2016) Hunting girls: sexual violence from The hunger games to campus rape. New York: Columbia University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/detail.action?docID=4504756.
Pilgrim, D. (2012) ‘Child Abuse in Irish Catholic Settings: A Non-Reductionist Account’, Child Abuse Review, 21(6), pp. 405–413. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2239.
della Porta, D. (2008) ‘Research on Social Movements and Political Violence’, Qualitative Sociology, 31(3), pp. 221–230. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11133-008-9109-x.
ProQuest (Firm) (2018) Sexual violence against men in global politics. Edited by M. Zalewski et al. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/VUW/detail.action?docID=5391402.
Raissian, K.M. and Bullinger, L.R. (2017) ‘Money matters: Does the minimum wage affect child maltreatment rates?’, Children and Youth Services Review, 72, pp. 60–70. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.09.033.
Ray, L.J. (2011) Violence & society. Los Angeles, [Calif.]: SAGE. Available at: http://sk.sagepub.com/books/violence-and-society.
Rejali, D. (2003) ‘Modern torture as a civic marker: Solving a global anxiety with a new political technology’, Journal of Human Rights, 2(2), pp. 153–171. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/1475483032000078152.
‘Rejecting Angelina: Bosnian War Rape Survivors and the Ambiguities of Sex in War’ (2014) Slavic Review, 73(3). Available at: https://doi.org/10.5612/slavicreview.73.3.612.
Scully, D. (2013) Understanding Sexual Violence: a Study of Convicted Rapists. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/detail.action?docID=1487160.
Sjoberg, L. (2007) ‘Agency, Militarized Femininity and Enemy Others: Observations From The War In Iraq’, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 9(1), pp. 82–101. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616740601066408.
Sluka, J. (2010) ‘The Ruatoki Valley “Anti-terrorism” Police Raids: Losing “Hearts and Minds” in Te Urewera’, Sites: a journal of social anthropology and cultural studies, 7(1), pp. 44–64. Available at: https://doi.org/10.11157/sites-vol7iss1id99.
Springwood, Charles (2006) Open Fire : Understanding Global Gun Cultures (1). Berg Publishers. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/vuw/detail.action?docID=10233356.
Stopping Family Violence – What does the evidence tell us? | PMCSA (no date). Available at: https://www.pmcsa.ac.nz/2018/12/11/stopping-family-violence/.
Taonui, R. (2010) ‘Mana Tamariki: Cultural Alienation’, AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples, 6(3), pp. 187–202. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/117718011000600301.
‘The Stream - Rape as a weapon of war: The untold story of armed conflict’ (9AD). Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8gtEmB9u9I.
Tilly, C. et al. (1985) ‘War making and state making as organized crime’, in P.B. Evans, D. Rueschemeyer, and T. Skocpol (eds) Bringing the state back in. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, pp. 169–186. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/vuw/reader.action?docID=1578958&ppg=181.
Tonso, K.L. (2009) ‘Violent Masculinities as Tropes for School Shooters’, American Behavioral Scientist, 52(9), pp. 1266–1285. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764209332545.
Walsh, J.P. (2017) ‘Moral panics by design: The case of terrorism’, Current Sociology, 65(5), pp. 643–662. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392116633257.
Zuckerberg, D. and ProQuest (Firm) (2018) Not all dead white men: classics and misogyny in the digital age. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Available at: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/VUW/detail.action?docID=5498115.